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РWУAБTРEИRКAАND THE HISTORY OF SKOPJE
HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT KOZJAK – PRODUCTION OF ELEC-
TRICITY AND REDUCTION OF THE DAMAGESCAUSED BY FLOODS
The water power of Treska has long attracted the struction of the Hydroelectric Power Plant “Kozjak”
attention of the technical intelligence and the busi- as a priority immediately after the construction of
nessmen. A general study for utilization of the wa- the thermal power station Bitola. The study for regu-
ters of the river Treska at the exit of the canyon near lation and control of the river Vardar, prepared by
Skopje was prepared in 1930, and the project for the “Norconsult” – Norway in 1969, for the needs of the
dam and the hydroelectric power plant “Matka” was United Nations, and with the Development Program,
realized in the period from 1935 until 1938 by the aca- two useful effects are stipulated with the construc-
demician professor Milan Pechinar. tion of the dam “Kozjak”:
The med-term development plan of the Republic - benefit from the reduced damages caused by
of Macedonia, and the Program for Construction of floods,
Power Facilities 1983 – 1990, determines the con-
- production of electricity.
The weather conditions in the location were
variable, with a strong rain and thunders, and in terms of security from the reviews types of dams. The
our only salvation were the hut and the sheep- most eminent professionals from former Yugoslavia ex-
fold of uncle Fejzi, where we were treated with pressed their opinion for this type, as well as our academi-
homemade buttermilk. The road was in very cians, the Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Engi-
bad condition, and for this reason we contacted the mili- neering Seismology, professors from the faculties for civil,
tary command in Nish, to use their helicopter in order to electrical and mechanical engineering.
transfer a large container to the location Kozjak, as a shel-
ter and protection against storms. Preparation of a main project
On the basis of the obtained results from the field and
The first thing we did is a census of the entire docu- laboratory investigations conducted by EMO-Ohrid, a
mentation. Ground investigations of the hydroelectric main project is prepared for all facilities of the hydroelec-
power plant “Kozjak” were performed in several stages, tric power plant “Kozjak”. The main holder of the terrain
from 1965 until 1979, and from 1981 until 1986. and laboratory investigations were the Geological Institute
– Skopje, the Institute for Civil Engineering Macedonia and
During the field investigations and the design, and in the Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering
the interest of the security and the safety of the premises, Seismology – Skopje.
experience and knowledge were used from the modern Revision of the main project
science in our country and in the world, for construction On 27.2.1990 revision of the complete documentation
of such type of facilities. about the hydroelectric power plant Kozjak was per-
formed in Energoproekt – Belgrade, with the final conclu-
Selection of the dam type sion that the facility is prepared for construction. After
A decision is made to apply a stone-filled dam with clay the provision of the construction assets, on 31.8.1994 the
core for the enclosure Kozjak, as the most favorable type President of the Republic of Macedonia, Kiro Gligorov, set
the foundation stone for the construction of the hydro-
MA Nikola Popovski, electric power plant “Kozjak”.
former Director of the Sec- The commissioning of the hydroelectric power plant
tor for Investments and Kozjak, that is, the first filling of the reservoir lake was
Construction of Sources performed in December 2003.
within Electro Skopje The dam and the hydroelectric power plan Kozjak
are located on the river Treska, approximately 25km up-
The fieldwork took place stream from its confluence into the Vardar river and ap-
with a lot of difficulty. Ev- proximately 16 kilometers upstream the existing dam Mat-
erything was carefully per- ka, at a distance of 45km from Skopje. The dam enables a
formed on the ground be- total accumulation space of 550 х 106 m3 water, of which
cause there were a lot of 260 х 106 m3 is a used space, and 100 х 106 m3 is an invio-
snakes of the species vipera lable retention area and 190 х 106 m3 water is dead space.
ammodytes, and we were obliged to bring injec- Skopje and the region of Skopje downstream, in the
tions against the venom, however there were past one hundred years and longer, was flooded in 1885,
also large falling rocks from the studies that 1916, 1935, 1937, 1962 and 1979.
were undertaken with mining.
26 July-August 2016
