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LITERATURE
with an excessive positivity he displays of the radical green, environmental,
the other characters, the president of the humane and fair, altercapitalistic eco-
Republic, the famous French intellectu- nomic policies represented by the robust
als, politicians and goatherds, however Domecq. And on the other hand are the
he doesn’t stop to wonder why he is the globally networked, perfectly developed
person they dedicate so much attention capacities of the modern industrial pro-
to, why he was invited to almost save the duction.
world, that is, the European future of
Macedonia and the Macedonian future of The end of the novel of Luan Starova
the European goats. is placed as a political grotesque. He re-
jects the rich ironic metaphors of the
After he sets such meta-literary frame sotie and cruelly, with a huge critical
of the novel, Starova continues the nar- charge, he shakes the Macedonian politi-
rative as a kind of political autobiography cal nonsense, the Balkan failed cohabita-
whereby the literary layer leaves room to tion, the shortsightedness of the imma-
the political-diplomatic layer. Not deviat- ture politicians due to which the project
ing from the ironic approach, he provides for renewal of the goat industry and the
many details (a more extensive study re- strong diplomatic mission ends in the
mains in order to analyze the historical middle of the unintelligent, greedy, igno-
against the fictional elements) about the rant, transition mobsters changed in the
political destiny of Macedonia, the un- clothes of mellifluous businessmen. The
certainty of its international recognition selected herd of goats, before the eyes of
and the improvement of the diplomatic the desperate French experts and power-
relations and political friendships at Eu- less diplomats is sold around, although it
ropean level. is a donation, without anyone knowing
its trace.
Following the rules of the genre sotie,
the narrator continues to pretend that he The openness of the metaphoric end
is dull and he cannot understand why, on in the first novel, The Time of the Goats,
the basis of his novel, an individual eco- which announces the return of the goats
nomic project is initiated – the renewal and which self-poetically entangles in
of goat breeding in Macedonia and devel- the beginning of the novel continua-
opment of the goat industry – through tion, is completely closed by the author
which the key issue about the survival of with great intellectual resignation – the
the country should be violated, as well as goats do not have a future in transition
its European relevance and its acceptance Macedonia. The country gambles with
within the circle of the European people. its historical chance. The cruelty of the
Of course, beyond the genre, the book Stalinist system is replaced by the cynical
can also be read as a small case study in cruelty of the transition corruption.
the field of diplomacy, particularly about
the power of cultural diplomacy and the The stylish approach “I laugh when I
role of culture in socioeconomic develop- feel like crying” and “It would have been
ment, issues which are in the center of funny if it was not sad” makes the work
the current trends in culturology and cul- readable. However, Luan Starova indi-
tural politics. cates strong intellectual criticism. With
this novel the silent and joyful writer an-
Smart or eco capitalism? swers to everyone who are asking about
In its culmination, the novel manages the silence of the Macedonian intellec-
tuals. The ignorance that this book en-
to capture the two main trends of the countered, transfers it in the hands of
modern global economy. Through the the immediate and the wider public. Do
characters of the two French goatherds, we read something at all, are we working
the charismatic Andre Dekoster and Jean on improvement of our own spirituality,
Domecq, Luan Starova skillfully displays can we accept something more than the
the current viewpoints of world capital- daily political comments and Facebok sta-
ism. On one hand is the new age trend tuses?
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