Page 78 - Ekonomija i Biznis_May 2016.indd

WORLD
DOSSIER confidence in Marshall and he quickly
progressed in the army system. During
World War I in 1917, Marshall was an ad-
visor of trust of the commander of the
Eastern powers of the American Army
and from there, he was transferred to
France to supervise the operations for
mobilization of the forces of the Alli-
ance. During World War I, Marshall be-
came one of the main planners of the
activities of the American army and to
many, one of the main culprits for the
tactical-operational successes of the
American army in the war. His methods
of application of the modern means of
warfare and its implementation in the
American army bring his fast career. In
the period between the two world wars,
Marshall was responsible for the mil-
itary-tactical reform of the American
Army, and the significant strengthening
of the efficiency of the American mili-
tary powers is considered his merit. On
September 1, 1939, the day when Nazi
Germany attacked Poland, George Mar-
shall was promoted to a General and be-
came a Head of the General Staff of the
US Army. During World War II Gorge
Marshall is considered the most respon-
sible person for the quick preparation of
the American Army for inclusion in the
military actions. Although he himself
directly did not participate in the mili-
tary operations, Marshall is considered
Henry Kissinger
“Marshall’s plan inspired a new order, providing the European nation to once again find their it is a life-long position. As high military
identity and to build a supranational system such as the Community for Coal and Steel, and
later on the European Union.”
78 May 2016
a creator of the military doctrine and
to some point a creator of the political
doctrine of USA, and its participation in
World War II. With his decision and su-
pervision in the American army, some
of the most successful generals of the
US army were brought to the army, such
as: Dwight Eisenhower (later on Presi-
dent of the United States), George Pat-
ton (who led the powers of the Alliance
in Europe) etc. The operation Overlord
or the Day D according to George Mar-
shall’s proposal, was supposed to start
on April 1, 1943. However due to politi-
cal pressure by Winston Churchill, the
president Roosevelt decided to assist in
the British invasion of Italy (the opera-
tion “Husky”), wherewith the operation
Overlord was postponed for more than
a year. According to many military ana-
lysts, if Marshall’s plan was adopted, the
operation Overlord would have result-
ed in significantly less sacrifices, and
World War II would end at least a year
earlier. On December 16, 1944, George
Marshall became the first general of
the Army, the new function which is
being introduced for the first time, and
which provides a general with a 5-star
ranking. Time magazine declares him a
man of the year in 1943, while they de-
scribed Winston Churchill as an “orga-
nizer of the victory of the Alliance over
fascism”. In 1945, Marshall withdraw
from the position Head of the General
Staff, and the new position Army gen-
eral did not provide retirement, rather
and political authority, after the termi-
nation of the war, George Marshall was
sent to a special mission in China in or-
der to establish a political settlement of
the Civil war between the communists
of Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-tung) and the
nationalists led by Chiang Kai-shek. Al-
though they were partially successful,
the negotiations failed. In 1947 China
fell into a deep Civil war which led to
establishment of Mao Zedong’s commu-
nist regime, something that will cause
economic and civilization regress of
historical proportions of the Chinese
country.