Page 35 - Ekonomija i Biznis_juli-avgust 2016.indd

РУБРИКА
1,239.1 pipelines.
Of the total number of dwellings –
697,529 (census from 2002), 65% are con-
nected to the public sewerage system,
while 21% of the swellings have sep-
tic tanks, and the other 12% discharge
wastewater with no control. Currently,
there are wastewater treatment plants
only in 6 agglomerations with more
than 10,000 residents. Three of them
are located on the bank of the three
largest tectonic lakes: Ohrid, Prespa,
and Dojran, which have the greatest pri-
ority in terms of protection of nature.
Common problems that affect the
quality of drinking water in the small
water supply systems are the lack of
protective zones and fences, the outdat-
ed and damaged water supply network,
the irregular chlorination of the drink-
ing water and the inappropriate water
purification.
Planning documents – In accordance
with the Law on Water, three types of
planning documents should be adopted,
as follows: national strategy for waters
for a period of 30 years, water manage-
ment basis for a period of 20 years, and
plans for management of river basins
every six years. The Strategy for Waters
is also prepared in 012. The Strategy
analyses in detail the condition of the
surface water and the groundwater in
order to determine the necessary goals
and measures. The condition is treated
from three different aspects: condition
of the use of water, condition of the
qualification and training about water,
and protection against harmful effects
of water, and condition of the water and
quality of the ecosystem.
River basin management – The new
approach to water management de-
termined with the Framework Water
Directive and the Floods Directive re-
quires water assessment and manage-
ment at the level of river basins instead ment, which will cover the deficiencies
of geographic or political borders.
Plans for river basins management – A
plan for management of the river basin
of the Lake Prespa was prepared in 2012
and there is an ongoing preparation of
plans for river basins management for
the river Bregalnica, a tributary of the
river Vardar, also for the river basin of
Strumica, and the preparation of the
initial elements for characterization of
the plans for river basins management
for the river Vardar started through the
project IPA TAIB09.
Identified drawbacks in the
field and needs of approval
The implementation of the Frame-
work Water Directive in the Republic of
Macedonia is in an early stage and only
few obligations are implemented. In the
period that follows it is necessary to
dedicate special attention to the imple-
mentation of the legislation for water
management, especially by adopting
plans for river basin management and
implementation of the measures stipu-
lated in these plans.
The capacities of the Ministry of En-
vironment and Physical Planning, as
well as the units of the local self-gov-
ernment, as well as of the units of the
local self-administration are not suf-
ficient to implement the obligations
that arise from the Law on Waters. In
order to achieve good implementation
of the Law, it takes a sufficient admin-
istrative structure both at central, as
well as at local level. In addition, one
should consider that the Law on Waters
introduces a completely new approach
in water management in the Republic
of Macedonia, which by itself requires
a systematic approach in the establish-
ment of the structures. It takes estab-
lishment of a strong administrative cen-
ter which will facilitate the cooperation
in water management with all involved
parties, including the competent minis-
tries and institutions, on one hand, and
the operators, on the other hand. In ad-
dition, it is necessary to form an institu-
tion which will cover the deficiencies in
the professional and scientific prepara-
tion of the plan for river basins manage-
in the professional and scientific prepa-
ration of the plan for river basins man-
agement, which is not well provided so
far.
July-August 2016 35